Cooperative Optimization of Multi-UAV Smoke Screen Deployment Based on Obscuration Cone Model

Abstract

Aiming at the "multi-UAV-single missile" smoke screen jamming mission in complex battlefield environments, this paper proposes a three-UAV cooperative deployment optimization method based on the Obscuration Cone Model. By constructing the kinematic models of the missile, UAVs and smoke cloud, a geometric judgment equation of the obscuration cone is established, and the Differential Evolution Algorithm is adopted to solve the nonlinear optimization model containing 12 decision variables. The study presents a heuristic heading angle constraint screening strategy to reduce the search space with high precision (0.1 degrees angle, 0.001 seconds time step). Simulation results show that the method significantly improves the target obscuration duration, with a total effective obscuration time of 11.714 seconds, an increase of approximately 150% compared with the single-UAV strategy. The results verify the effectiveness of the Obscuration Cone Model and the cooperative optimization algorithm in tactical-level protection.